Comminuting machine



July 4, 1933. R. SCHEYNOST 1,917,198

COMMINUTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 4, 1933.SCHEYNOST 1,917,198

COMMINUTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July4, 1933 i unite s'rres PATENT OFFICE RUDOLPH SCHEYNOST, OF CHICAGO,ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHAS. I-IOLLENBAGI-I, INC., 013CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS CO IVIMINUTING MACHINE asto counteract centrifugal force applied to the material being subjectedto the action of the machine and thereby promote efficiency of the sameas will more fully and particularly appear from the followingspecification.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out and best understoodfrom the detailed description of the embodiment thereof illustrated inthe accompanying drawings,

wherein:

Fig.1 1s a s de elevation, partly broken away, illustrating a machineconstructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary radial sectional view thereof taken on the line22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. '3 is a fragmentary perspective view of the machine. I

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective View of one of the. cutter-carryingplates of the machine, showing the cutters in place thereon.

, The machine of this inventioncomprises an outer substantiallycylindrical casing 1, closed at its ends and which is rigidly inountedupon a suitable base 2, which may be integral.

The said casing 1 is provided with a suit able feed'opening at the topthereof through which the material to be comminutcd is fed, the hopper 3for said material being arranged to feed into said opening in awell-known manner.

The casing 1 comprises, preferably, the end ring plates 4: and arelatively thick; substantially semi-cylindrical wall 5, of cast iron orthe like, composed of sections which are secured to said end plates,each of said sections being equipped with the cutters as hereinafterdescribed. This cast wall-portion of said casing extends from the base 2to the hopper 3 at the left of the latter in the instance v illustrated,thus leaving the balance of said casing 1 normally open. This normallyopen portion of said casing is closed in part by an arcuate sheet-metalplate 5*" extending to a point spaced from the lower end of the castwall thereof at the right of the base to provide a discharge opening forthe comminuted product. Each of the said sections of said cast wall isprovided with a longitudinal groove of dove-tail or equivalent shape onits inner face into which the cutters 6 and spacing blocks are fitted ina well-known manner, said blocks and the portions of the said cutters 6engaged between the same, being clamped against each other by means ofset-screws 7 threaded into the end plates 4:. Said set-screws alsopermit ad ustment of an entire row of cutters 6 longitudinally of saidcasing and laterally of the cutters. The said cutters are non-rotatableabout the'axis of said casing.

:Mo'unted upon the base are standards 8 carryingbearings 9 for the shaftor trunnions lOof-the rotatable drum 11 mounted concentrically of andwithin the casing 1. The said drum 11 is provided -with'longitudinaldovetail grooves in which similarly shaped plates 12 are fitted, one ofsaid plates 12 being shown in Fig. 4. Each of said plates 12 is providedwith a dove-tail groove in which the similarly shaped inner ends ofcutters 13 are received, together with spacing blocks 14 therefor whichmaintain said cutters 13 spaced from each other a distance equal to thespacing of the cutters'6, the latter and said cutters 13 being disposedin staggered relation to each 8 other. 5

Set-screws 15 in the end plates 16 secured to the ends of the. drum 11,bear upon the outermost cutters'13 and serve to clamp all of saidcutters 13 and spacing blocks 14 firmly together and likewise permitadjustment 7 of an entire row of said cutters 13 to vary their spacingfrom the cutters 6 within the limits of the spacing of the latter fromeach other.

In the instance illustrated, the drum 11 is rotatable anti-clockwise. Itwill be noted that the cutters 6 are disposed so that the cutting edgesthereof are opposed to the direction of rotation of the drum 11 andcutters 13 and extend angularly inwardly from the casing 1 in thedirection of rotation of the cutters 13 so as to tend to cause materialbrought into contact with said cutting edges of said cutters 6 to bemoved toward the drum 11.

The cutters 18 are inclined oppositely to the cutters 6 and also tend tomove the material toward the surface of the drum 11.

In the existing machines of this type, the cutting edges of the cutterblades are either radially disposed or are curved'so the cut-' tingedges of the cutters mounted on the drum tend to move the materialoutwardly toward the inner wall of the casing.

The drum 11 is rotated at high speed and thus exerts a strongcentrifugal force on the material to be comminuted and this force isalso exerted by the cutters on said drum to free them of the materialand, so to speak, plaster it against the opposed inner wall of thecasing1 in a thick layer into which the cutters on the drum merely cut grooveswithout detaching the material.

By the relative angular arrangement of the cutting edges of the cutters6 and 13 here in illustrated and described, the said respective cutterstend to move the material toward the drum 11 inopposition to the saidcentrifugal force and thusserve to maintain said material-floatingbetween the drum and casing in the path of the cutters, the relativedisposition of the cutting edges of. the latter being such as toefi'ect'slicing cuts of said material.

' The adjustment of the cutters (Sand 13- relatively to each otherserves to regulate the degree to which the material is comminuted, itbeing well-known in the art that by bringing the cutters 13 into closerspaced relation to the cutters 6, the material will be more finelycomminuted than if said spacing is greater.

In effecting adjustment of the-cutters 13 relatively to the cutters 6,it is best to adjust alternate sets of cutters in respectively oppositedirections to assure uniform comminution of the material.

The aforesaid relative disposition of the cutters 6 and 13 constitutesthe essentially novel feature of the present invention and renders themachine far more effi'cient than other machines of the same class whichare known to the applicant. 1

The end plates of the drum 11 disposed 0pposits the ends of the plates12 comprise segments which are separately removable to permit any one ofthe plates 12 to be removed Without disturbing the remainder thereof.

In practice, the degree to which the meat or other material iscomminuted, may be va ried to produce a very finely divided product bydoubling the number of cutters 6. This is accomplished by removing allof the cutters of each row thereof, or any selected number of said rows,and the spacing blocks for said cutters, and substituting other spacingblocks of about one-half the width of those removed.

The cutters 6 and said narrower spacing blocks are then replaced withthe result that a pair of said cutters 6 will be alternated with therespective cutters 13 and said cutters 6 and 13 will be far more closelyspaced and thus will comminute the material subjected to their action toa far greater degree than I the aforementioned described arrangement.

1 claim as my 11117811131011; A comminutlng machlne lncluding a cas ing,a drum rotatablewithin and disposed concentric with said casing, andsets of cut ters mounted on said casing and on said'drum, respectivelythe cutting edges of said cutters on said drums being angularly disposedrelatively to radial planes of the axis of said drum to cause the saidcutting edges of the said cutters to tend to move materialcoming intocontact therewith toward said drum, and said cutters on said drum havingtheircutting edges disposed angularlyto radial planes of said drum in adirection totend to move material engaged by said cutting edges duringrotation of saiddrum toward-the surrounding casing, the respectiveangles of disposition of the cutting edgesof' the respective sets ofknives being at respectively my hand this 12th day of August, 1931.

RUDOLPH soHEYNos rQ

